Thinks about OS Linux Ubuntu | Ubuntu Tutorials

Basic Commands On Ubuntu

Can know or memorize the basic commands in ubuntu are useful to help us in the ubuntu operating system usage in our daily lives. Here are some list of basic commands in ubuntu:

About Information :

date : show the current date and time
cal : show this month's calendar
uptime : show the current uptime
w : display who is online
whoami : who you arelogget in as
finger < user > : display information about user
uname -a : show kernel information
cat /proc/cpuinfo : cpu information
cat /proc/meminfo : memory information
free -m : memory and swap usage in MB

df -h : show disk usage (human readable)
whereis <app> : show possible location of app
which <app> : show which app will be run by default
file <file> : show type of file
man <command> : show the manual for command

About Networking

ping <host> : ping host and output results
whois <domain> : get whois information for domain
dig <domain> : get dns information for domain
dig -x <host> : reverse lookup host
wget <file> : download file

create ip address on ethernet :
ifconfig eth0 <ip> <netmask> set ip and netmask in first network interface
route add default gw <ip gateway> set ip gateway

About Installation package

Install from source :
./configure
make && make install

dpkg -i <package .deb> : install a package debian
aptitude install <package> : install package from repository (debian/Ubuntu)
aptitude remove <package> : remove a package (debian/ubuntu)
aptitude update : update ubuntu
aptitude upgrade : upgrade ubuntu

About Compression package :

tar cf <file.tar> <files> : Create a tar named file .tar containing files
tar xf <file.tar> : extract the files from file.tar
tar czf <file .tar.gz> <files> : Create a tar with Gzip
tar Xzf <file.tar.gz> : extract a tar using Gzip
tar cjf <file.tar.bz2> <files> : Create a tar with Bzip2
tar xjf <fil.tar.bz2> : Extract a tar using Bzip2
gzip <file> : compresses file to file.gz
gzip -d <file.gz> : Decompresses file.gz back to file

File Commands

ls : directory listing
ls -a : listing with hidden files
ls -l : listing with attributes
cd : change to home
cd <dir> : change to directory
pwd : show current directory
mkdir <dir> : create a directory
rm <file> : delete file
rm -r <dir> : delete directory
rm -f <file> : force remove file
rm -rf <dir> : force remove directory
cp <file> <file2> : copy file to file2
cp -r <dir><dir2> : copy dir to dir2
ln -s <file> <link> : create symbolic link to file
more <file> : output the contents of file

File Permissions

chmod <octal> <file> : change the permissions of the file to octal, wich can be found separately for user, group, and world by adding
* 4 : read (r)
* 2 : write (w)
* 1 : execute (x)

Examples:

chmod 777 : read, write, execute for all
chmod 755 : rwx for owner, rx for group and world

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Thinks about OS Linux Ubuntu | Ubuntu Tutorials